<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2308-0132</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Estudios del Desarrollo Social: Cuba y América Latina ]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Estudios del Desarrollo Social]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2308-0132</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Programa Cuba]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2308-01322023000200015</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Naturaleza humana: ¿individualismo o cooperación? ¿Capitalismo o socialismo?]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Human Nature: Individualism or Cooperation? Capitalism or Socialism?]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta González]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yoan Karell]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morejón Quintana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Iran]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Habana Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales, Programa Cuba ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Habana Facultad de Turismo ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2308-01322023000200015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2308-01322023000200015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2308-01322023000200015&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN: El trabajo es un ensayo sobre la naturaleza humana. Se realizó una minuciosa revisión bibliográfica desde la biología evolutiva, la filosofía y la psicología. Se analizan el individualismo y la cooperación en el reino animal y en el ser humano. Se critica el constructo filosófico que presenta al ser humano como individualista por naturaleza. Se concluye que, como ser biopsicosocial, en el ser humano se configuran valores en el proceso de formación y desarrollo de su personalidad. El ser humano no es ni individualista ni altruista por naturaleza, sino que una tendencia o la otra constituye el resultado de la interacción compleja e individualizada de factores biológicos, ambientales, sociales y psicológicos en la formación y el desarrollo de la personalidad. No obstante, la cooperación ha resultado crucial para la supervivencia y el desarrollo de la especie humana, tanto evolutiva como socialmente. El constructo filosófico que presenta a los humanos como individualistas por naturaleza representa un intento de sustentar que el capitalismo es inevitable e insuperable como sistema. Se trata de una falacia que desconoce la teoría psicológica acerca de cómo se forma la personalidad del individuo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT: This paper is an essay on human nature. A thorough bibliographical review was carried out, from the perspectives of evolutionary biology, philosophy, and psychology. Individualism and cooperation in both the animal kingdom and humans are analyzed. The construct presenting humans as individualistic beings by nature is criticized. It is concluded that, as biopsychosocial beings, in humans, values are built along the process of formation and development of personality. Humans are neither individualistic nor altruistic by nature. One tendency or the other in this regard results from a complex and individualized interaction of biological, environmental, social, and psychological factors during the formation and development of personality. Nevertheless, cooperation has been crucial for the human species to survive and develop both evolutionarily and socially. The philosophical construct presenting humans as individualistic beings by nature is an attempt to support the idea that capitalism is inevitable and insurmountable as a system. It is a fallacy that ignores the psychological theory about how personality is formed.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[naturaleza humana]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[personalidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[cooperación]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[individualismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[capitalismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[human nature]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[personality]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[cooperation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[individualism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[capitalism]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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