<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7523</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Medicina]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev. Cuban de Med]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7523</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias MédicasEditorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-75232022000300016</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Antibióticos innovadores contra la farmacorresistencia bacteriana obtenido por tecnología de edición genética CRISPR/Cas9]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Innovative antibiotics against bacterial drug resistance obtained by CRISPR/cas9 gene editing technology]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Perón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[José Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez Izquierdo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mario Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Mayabeque  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ La Habana]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-75232022000300016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-75232022000300016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-75232022000300016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: El aumento de la resistencia a los antimicrobianos constituye actualmente una peligrosa amenaza para la salud. Ante este problema global de falta de antimicrobianos, es perentorio intervenir de forma coordinada e idear fórmulas para incentivar la investigación a nivel internacional.  Objetivo:  Realizar una revisión actualizada sobre las causas y mecanismos de la resistencia a los antibióticos y la adaptación del sistema CRISPR/Cas para el desarrollo de innovadores antimicrobianos como parte esencial de una estrategia altamente específica en el tratamiento de infecciones producidas por bacterias resistentes.  Métodos: Se realizó una revisión documental, se empleó la bibliografía nacional e internacional especializada publicada en los últimos 5 años. Se utilizó el motor de búsqueda Google Académico y se consultaron artículos de libre acceso en las bases de datos Pubmed, SciELO, LILACS, CUMED y HINARI, en el período comprendido entre marzo de 2020 hasta el mes de enero de 2021. Se revisaron un total de 41 artículos. Las consultas se hicieron en inglés y español. Para la búsqueda se tuvo en cuenta las palabras clave: eligobióticos; resistencia a antibióticos; CRISPR/Cas.  Resultados: La evidencia recopilada sustenta que muchas enfermedades son inducidas por alteraciones del equilibrio de la microbiota humana y la técnica de edición genética CRISPR/Cas permitirá el desarrollo de novedosos antibióticos como los eligobióticos que eliminarán las bacterias patógenas multirresistentes y dejarán intacto el microbioma.  Conclusiones: el esclarecimiento de los enigmas de la microbiota y su diseño con terapia génica permitirán el progreso de innovadores antibióticos con empleo del sistema CRISPR/Cas que ineludiblemente modificarán la práctica médica para siempre.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  The increase in antimicrobial resistance is currently a dangerous threat to health. Faced with this global problem of lack of antimicrobials, it is imperative to intervene in a coordinated manner and devise formulas to encourage research at the international level.  Objective:  To review on the update causes and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance and the adaptation of CRISPR/Cas system for the development of innovative antimicrobials as an essential part of a highly specific strategy in the treatment of infections caused by resistant bacteria.  Methods:  A documentary review was carried out in the specialized national and international bibliography published in the last 5 years. Google Scholar search engine was used and free access articles were consulted in Pubmed, SciELO, LILACS, CUMED and HINARI databases, from March 2020 to January 2021. A total of 41 articles were retrieved. The consultations were made in English and Spanish. For the search, we took into account the keywords eligobiotics, antibiotic resistance, CRISPR/Cas.  Results:  The reviewed evidence supports that many diseases are induced by alterations in the balance of the human microbiota; and CRISPR/Cas gene editing technique will allow the development of novel antibiotics such as eligobiotics that will eliminate multi-resistant pathogenic bacteria and leave the microbiome intact. Conclusions: The clarification of the enigmas of the microbiota and its design with gene therapy will allow the progress of innovative antibiotics using CRISPR/Cas system that will inevitably change medical practice forever.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[eligobióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[resistencia a antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[genes de resistencia a antibióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[CRISPR/Cas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[terapia génica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[biotecnología]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[eligobiotics]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antibiotic resistance]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antibiotic resistance genes]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[CRISPR/Cas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[gene therapy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biotechnology]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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