<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7531</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Pediatría]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Pediatr]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7531</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias MédicasEditorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-75312020000200004</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores de riesgo relacionados con el sobrepeso y la obesidad en niños de edad escolar]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Risk factors associated with overweight and obesity in school-age children]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrer Arrocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marlene]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Celia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[González Pedroso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María Teresa]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro de Investigaciones y Referencia de Aterosclerosis de La Habana  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Policlínico Universitario Héroes del Moncada  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>92</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-75312020000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-75312020000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-75312020000200004&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción:  El sobrepeso y la obesidad en la infancia constituyen problema de salud por sus consecuencias en etapas posteriores de la vida.  Objetivo:  Determinar la frecuencia de sobrepeso y obesidad y su asociación con factores de riesgo en niños de edad escolar.  Métodos:  Estudio transversal que incluyó 125 niños de 5 a 10 años de tres consultorios de médicos familiares en La Habana. El estado nutricional se clasificó según los percentiles de índice de masa corporal de las tablas cubanas de crecimiento y desarrollo. Se consideró sobrepeso: índice de masa corporal entre el 90 y el 97 percentil, obeso: por encima del 97 percentil. La variable de respuesta fue el estado nutricional del niño y los factores de riesgo analizados fueron: nutrición y tabaquismo materno, diabetes gestacional, peso al nacer y lactancia materna. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de una entrevista a la madre, la revisión de historias clínicas y examen físico al niño.  Resultados:  El 14,4 % de los escolares presentó sobrepeso y 16,8 % obesidad. Los factores de riesgo que mostraron una mayor asociación con el sobrepeso y la obesidad fueron el sobrepeso materno (p= 0,01), el peso al nacer mayor de 3 500 gramos. El antecedente de no haber recibido lactancia materna exclusiva se mostró con mayor frecuencia en los niños con sobrepeso.  Conclusiones:  Se demostró la influencia de factores prenatales como la nutrición materna, el peso al nacimiento y la ausencia de lactancia materna exclusiva en la presencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en niños de edad escolar.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Overweight and obesity in childhood are health problems due to their consequences in later periods of life.  Objective:  To determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their association with risk factors in school-age children.  Methods:  A cross-sectional study that included 125 children aged 5 to 10 years from three family doctor&#8217;s offices in Havana. The nutritional status was classified according to the percentiles of body mass index of the Cuban tables for growth and development. It was considered overweight as: body mass index between 90 and 97 percentile, and obese: above the 97 percentile. The response variable was the nutritional status of the child and the risk factors were: nutrition and maternal smoking habit, gestational diabetes, birth weight and breastfeeding. The data were obtained through an interview to the mother, the revision of clinical records and physical examination to the child.  Results:  The 14.4% of schoolchildren presented overweight and 16.8% obesity. The risk factors that showed a greater association with overweight and obesity were the maternal overweight (p= 0.01), and birth weight higher than 3500 grams. The history of not having received exclusive breastfeeding was more frequently in overweight children.  Conclusions:  The results demonstrated the influence of prenatal factors such as maternal nutrition, birth weight and the absence of exclusive breastfeeding in the presence of overweight and obesity in school-age children.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[sobrepeso]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[obesidad]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[lactancia materna]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[overweight]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[obesity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[breastfeeding]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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