<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0034-7531</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Pediatría]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Pediatr]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0034-7531</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Centro Nacional de Información de Ciencias MédicasEditorial Ciencias Médicas]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0034-75312021000300011</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Microbiota intestinal y los primeros 1000 días de vida]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Gut microbiota and the first 1000 days of life]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Castañeda Guillot]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Regional Autónoma de Los Andes (UNIANDES) Facultad de Ciencias Médicas ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ Ambato]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de La Habana Facultad de Medicina Calixto García ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>93</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0034-75312021000300011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0034-75312021000300011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0034-75312021000300011&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: El proceso de colonización del microbioma intestinal en los primeros 1000 días de vida tiene repercusión en la salud y enfermedades del niño dependientes de factores de riesgo.  Objetivos: Revisar evidencias importantes sobre el significado de la relación entre la microbiota Intestinal y los primeros 1000 días de vida, y repercusión de los principales factores de riesgo.  Métodos: Se revisaron publicaciones en idiomas español e inglés en PubMed, Google Scholar y SciELO: enero 2005-febrero 2020 usando los términos microbiota intestinal, microbiomas, primeros 1000 días de vida, factores de riesgo, enterocolitis necrosante, probióticos y prebióticos.  Análisis e integración de la información: Hay demostrados argumentos que vinculan la microbiota intestinal y primeros 1000 días de vida del niño, según modo de parto, tiempo de gestación y lactancia. Se examina los beneficios del parto vaginal, lactancia materna y la aparición de enfermedades a mediano y largo plazo, relacionadas con factores de riesgo, como cesárea, prematuridad, lactancia artificial y exposición antibiótica prenatal y posnatal. Se describe resultados favorables con el uso de bioterapia con probióticos y prebióticos en la enterocolitis necrosante.  Conclusiones: Se expone el valor de la microbiota intestinal en los primeros 1000 días de vida para la salud del niño, influenciada por condiciones de normalidad como el parto vaginal y la lactancia materna e implicaciones clínicas relacionadas con factores de riesgo mencionado. Es importante el tratamiento con probióticos multicepas y prebióticos para la recuperación de la microbiota en el niño en enfermedades como la enterocolitis necrosante y estados de sepsis grave.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  The process of colonizing the gut microbiome in the first 1000 days of life has an impact on the health and diseases dependent on risk factors of the child.  Objectives:  Review important evidence on the meaning of the relation between the gut microbiota and the first 1000 days of life and the impact of the main risk factors.  Methods:  Spanish and English language publications were reviewed on PubMed, Google Scholar and SciELO, from January 2005 to February 2020 using the terms: gut microbiota, microbiomes, first 1000 days of life, risk factors, necrotizing enterocolitis, probiotics and prebiotics.  Analysis and information integration:  Arguments linking the gut microbiota and the child's first 1000 days of life are demonstrated, depending on the child's mode of delivery, gestation time and lactation. It is conducted an assessment of benefits of vaginal delivery, breastfeeding and the onset of medium- and long-term diseases related to risk factors, such as C-section, prematurity, artificial lactation, and prenatal and postnatal antibiotic exposure. Favorable results with the use of biotherapy with probiotics and prebiotics in necrotizing enterocolitis are described.  Conclusions:  It is presented the value of the gut microbiota in the first 1000 days of life for the health of the child, influenced by normal conditions such as vaginal delivery and breastfeeding, and clinical implications related to the mentioned risk factors. Treatment with multi-strain probiotics and prebiotics for microbiota recovery in the child is important in diseases such as necrotizing enterocolitis and states of severe sepsis.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microbiota intestinal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[microbiomas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[primeros 1 000 días de vida]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[enterocolitis necrosante]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[probióticos y prebióticos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Gut microbiota]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[microbiome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[first 1,000 days of life]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk factors]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[necrotizing enterocolitis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[probiotics and prebiotics]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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