<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>0864-2125</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Cubana de Medicina General Integral]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cubana Med Gen Integr]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>0864-2125</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ECIMED]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S0864-21252020000300002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Factores asociados al maltrato físico en menores de cinco años de edad perpetrado por sus progenitoras]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Factors Associated with Physical Mistreatment against Children under the Age of Five and Performed by their Mothers]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Córdova Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Margarita]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Puza Mendoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Gladys Marcelina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Curro Urbano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Olga María]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pastor Ramírez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Norma]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chauca Saavedra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carmen]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guevara Saravia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mónica]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Quispe Ilanzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Melisa Pamela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oyola García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alfredo Enrique]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ica ]]></addr-line>
<country>Peru</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Natural and Social Sciences Research  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lima ]]></addr-line>
<country>Perú</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S0864-21252020000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S0864-21252020000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S0864-21252020000300002&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN  Introducción: El castigo físico en contra del niño dentro del seno familiar y ejercido por la madre es un problema de salud pública en América Latina.  Objetivo:  Determinar los factores asociados al maltrato físico en menores de cinco años de edad perpetrado por sus madres.  Métodos:  Se realizó un estudio observacional basado en el análisis secundario de los datos de la &#8220;Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Demografía (ENDES), 2017&#8221;. La muestra estuvo conformada por 13 565 niños menores de cinco años. Se calculó el chi cuadrado y el valor de p, así como el odds ratio crudo (ORc) y su intervalo de confianza al 95 %. Resultados: Existió menor riesgo de maltrato en los niños menores de cinco años que resideían en la selva, cuando el esposo o conviviente de la madre vivía en la casa y cuando existía violencia psicológica o física en contra de la mujer. Existió mayor riesgo de maltrato físico cuando las madres hablaban aymara u otra lengua indígena/originaria, cuando la pareja tenía instrucción secundaria o superior o cuando la mujer agredía a su pareja.  Conclusiones:  La violencia física contra el niño menor de cinco años resultó más probable cuando la madre estaba expuesta a situaciones estresantes, posiblemente mediadas por las condiciones de vulnerabilidad económica o pobreza que vive, sobre todo cuando tenía raíces indígenas y residía en la costa, todo esto exacerbado por la incapacidad para la solución de problemas que, finalmente, derivan en violencia, incluso contra el esposo o conviviente.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction:  Physical punishment against the child within the family and performed by her or his mother is a public health concern in Latin America.  Objective:  To determine the factors associated with physical mistreatment in children under five years of age performed by their mothers.  Methods:  We carried out an observational study based on the secondary analysis of the data from the 2017 National Survey of Health and Demography (ENDES, as it stands in Spanish for Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Demografía). The sample consisted of 13,565 children under the age of five. Chi square and the P value were calculated, together with the crude odds ratio (ORc) and its 95% confidence interval.  Results:  There was a lower risk of mistreatment in children under the age of five who lived in the jungle, when the mother&#8217;s husband or partner lived in the house and when there was psychological or physical violence against the woman. There was an increased risk of physical abuse when the mothers spoke Aymara or another indigenous or native language, when the couple had secondary or higher education, or when the woman attacked her partner.  Conclusions:  Physical violence against children under five years of age was more likely when the mother was exposed to stressful situations, possibly mediated by the conditions of economic vulnerability or poverty that she lives through, especially when she had indigenous roots and lived on the coast, all this exacerbated by the inability to solve problems that ultimately lead to violence, even against the husband or partner.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[violencia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[violencia doméstica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[factores de riesgo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[niño]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[violence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[domestic violence]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[risk factors: child]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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