<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>1025-028X</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Vaccimonitor]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Vaccimonitor]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>1025-028X</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Finlay Ediciones]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S1025-028X2006000200003</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Reactogenicidad e inmunogenicidad de una nueva vacuna de toxoide tetánico y diftérico con concentración reducida en adolescentes cubanos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a new tetanus toxoid and reduced diphtheria toxoid vaccine in Cuban teenagers]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ochoa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rolando Felipe]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baró]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Idalia Morelia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menéndez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Triana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Telma]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirabal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mayelín]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Armesto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marlene]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Vivian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valmaseda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tania]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yovania]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aranguren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yisabel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Creadh]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leidy]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A02"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A03"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bayolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Juan Vicente]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alvarez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Maydelis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peña]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[María de los Angeles]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodríguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Meiby de la Caridad]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Solís]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rosa Lidia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Domínguez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="A01"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="A01">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Finlay  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<aff id="A02">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Municipal de Higiene y Epidemiología  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Ciudad de La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="A03">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Pediátrico:Juan Manuel Márquez  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2006</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>15</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>13</fpage>
<lpage>17</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S1025-028X2006000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S1025-028X2006000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S1025-028X2006000200003&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Se realizó un estudio aleatorizado, controlado y a doble ciegas en 225 adolescentes cubanos entre 13 y 16 años de edad, con el objetivo de evaluar la reactogenicidad y la inmunogenicidad de una nueva vacuna de toxoide tetánico y toxoide diftérico con concentración reducida, producida en el Instituto Finlay, con respecto a su similar comercial IMOVAX dT adult de Aventis Pasteur. Se tomaron muestras de suero antes y 21 días después de la vacunación. La reactogenicidad de ambas vacunas fue similar. Los síntomas y signos, tanto locales como generales fueron moderados y aparecieron principalmente durante las primeras 72 h después de la vacunación. Todos los voluntarios vacunados alcanzaron niveles protectores (³0,1 UI/mL) de antitoxina contra el tétanos y la difteria. El 99,25% de los inmunizados con la vacuna experimental y el 98,36% de los voluntarios del grupo control presentaron niveles de antitoxina tetánica correspondientes a una protección de larga duración (³1,0 UI/mL); para la antitoxina diftérica se alcanzaron estos niveles en el 81,20% y 80,33% de los voluntarios en cada grupo. Los títulos medios geométricos de antitoxina tetánica (21,73 UI/mL) y antitoxina diftérica (2,55 UI/mL) inducidos por la nueva vacuna fueron superiores (p<0,05) a los del grupo control: 15,55 UI/mL y 1,84 UI/Ml respectivamente(p<0.05).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[A randomized, controlled and double-blind trial was carried out in 225 Cuban teenagers aged 13-16 to evaluate the reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a new tetanus toxoid and reduced diphtheria toxoid vaccine (Finlay Institute) with respect to IMOVAX dT adult control vaccine (Aventis Pasteur). Serum samples were taken before and 21 days after immunization. The reactogenicity of both vaccines was similar. The general and local adverse events were mild and mainly detected in the first 72 hours after vaccination. All volunteers showed protective levels of tetanus antitoxin and diphtheria antitoxin (³0.1 IU/mL). 99.25% of subjects who received the experimental vaccine and 98.36% of control subjects showed long-term protective values of tetanus antitoxin (³1.0 IU/mL). These diphtheria antitoxin levels were respectively detected in 81.20% and 80.33% of volunteers.The geometric mean titer values for tetanus antitoxin and diphtheria antitoxin induced after vaccination were 21.73 IU/mL and 2.55 IU/mL respectively, higher than antitoxin levels of control group: 15.55 IU/mL and 1.84 IU/mL respectively (p<0.05).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Tétanos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[difteria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[vacuna]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[reactogenicidad,]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inmunogenicidad,]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ensayos clínicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[antitoxina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tetanus]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[diphtheria]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vaccine]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[reactogenicity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[immunogenicity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[clinical trials]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[antitoxin]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><body><![CDATA[ <p align="right"><font face="Verdana" size="2"><b>ARTICULOS ORIGINALES </b></font></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p align="right"><font size="2" face="Verdana"><strong><font size="4">Reactogenicidad e inmunogenicidad de una nueva vacuna de toxoide tetánico y diftérico con concentración reducida en adolescentes cubanos.</font><br /> </strong></font></p>        <p align="right">&nbsp;</p>     <p align="right"><font face="Verdana"><strong><font size="3">Reactogenicity and immunogenicity of a new tetanus toxoid and reduced diphtheria toxoid vaccine in   Cuban teenagers</font><font size="2"><br />  </font></strong></font></p>     <p>&nbsp;</p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana"><strong>Rolando Felipe Ochoa1, Idalia Morelia Bar&oacute; 1, Jorge Men&eacute;ndez1, Telma Triana2, Mayel&iacute;n Mirabal1, Marlene Armesto1, Vivian   Rodr&iacute;guez1, Tania Valmaseda1, Yovania Fern&aacute;ndez1, Yisabel Aranguren1, Leidy Creadh2, Rafael Dom&iacute;nguez3, Juan Vicente Bayolo1,  Maydelis Alvarez1, Mar&iacute;a de los Angeles Pe&ntilde;a1, Meiby de la Caridad Rodr&iacute;guez1, Rosa Lidia Sol&iacute;s1, Francisco Dom&iacute;nguez1.</strong><br /> </font></p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana">1Instituto Finlay.Centro de Investigaci&oacute;n&ndash;Producci&oacute;n de Vacunas.Ave.27 No.19805.La Lisa.A.P.16017,C.P. 11600,  Ciudad de La Habana.Cuba.E-mail: <a href="emailto:ochoa@finlay.edu.cu">ochoa@finlay.edu.cu</a><br />  2 Centro Municipal de Higiene y Epidemiolog&iacute;a. Playa. Ciudad de La Habana. Cuba.<br />  3 Hospital Pedi&aacute;trico:Juan Manuel M&aacute;rquez<br /> </font></p> <hr />     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana"><strong>RESUMEN</strong></font></p>     <p align="justify"><font size="2" face="Verdana">Se realiz&oacute; un estudio aleatorizado, controlado y a doble ciegas en 225 adolescentes cubanos entre 13 y 16 a&ntilde;os de edad, con el objetivo   de evaluar la reactogenicidad y la inmunogenicidad de una nueva vacuna de toxoide tet&aacute;nico y toxoide dift&eacute;rico con concentraci&oacute;n   reducida, producida en el Instituto Finlay, con respecto a su similar comercial IMOVAX dT adult de Aventis Pasteur. Se tomaron   muestras de suero antes y 21 d&iacute;as despu&eacute;s de la vacunaci&oacute;n. La reactogenicidad de ambas vacunas fue similar. Los s&iacute;ntomas y signos,  tanto locales como generales fueron moderados y aparecieron principalmente durante las primeras 72 h despu&eacute;s de la vacunaci&oacute;n.<br />  Todos los voluntarios vacunados alcanzaron niveles protectores (&sup3;0,1 UI/mL) de antitoxina contra el t&eacute;tanos y la difteria. El 99,25% de   los inmunizados con la vacuna experimental y el 98,36% de los voluntarios del grupo control presentaron niveles de antitoxina tet&aacute;nica   correspondientes a una protecci&oacute;n de larga duraci&oacute;n (&sup3;1,0 UI/mL); para la antitoxina dift&eacute;rica se alcanzaron estos niveles en el 81,20%   y 80,33% de los voluntarios en cada grupo. Los t&iacute;tulos medios geom&eacute;tricos de antitoxina tet&aacute;nica (21,73 UI/mL) y antitoxina dift&eacute;rica   (2,55 UI/mL) inducidos por la nueva vacuna fueron superiores (p&lt;0,05) a los del grupo control: 15,55 UI/mL y 1,84 UI/Ml respectivamente(p&lt;0.05).<br /> </font></p>     ]]></body>
<body><![CDATA[<p><font size="2" face="Verdana"><strong>Palabras claves:</strong> T&eacute;tanos, difteria, vacuna, reactogenicidad, inmunogenicidad, ensayos cl&iacute;nicos, antitoxina</font></p> <hr />     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana"> <strong>ABSTRACT</strong></font></p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana"><br />  A randomized, controlled and double-blind trial was carried out in 225 Cuban teenagers aged 13-16 to evaluate the reactogenicity and    immunogenicity of a new tetanus toxoid and reduced diphtheria toxoid vaccine (Finlay Institute) with respect to IMOVAX dT adult control    vaccine (Aventis Pasteur). Serum samples were taken before and 21 days after immunization. The reactogenicity of both vaccines was similar.<br />  The general and local adverse events were mild and mainly detected in the first 72 hours after vaccination. All volunteers showed protective  levels of tetanus antitoxin and diphtheria antitoxin (&sup3;0.1 IU/mL). 99.25% of subjects who received the experimental vaccine and 98.36% of    control subjects showed long-term protective values of tetanus antitoxin (&sup3;1.0 IU/mL). These diphtheria antitoxin levels were respectively    detected in 81.20% and 80.33% of volunteers.The geometric mean titer values for tetanus antitoxin and diphtheria antitoxin induced after    vaccination were 21.73 IU/mL and 2.55 IU/mL respectively, higher than antitoxin levels of control group: 15.55 IU/mL and 1.84 IU/mL    respectively (p&lt;0.05).<br /> </font></p>     <p><font size="2" face="Verdana"><strong>Keywords:</strong> Tetanus, diphtheria, vaccine, reactogenicity, immunogenicity, clinical trials, antitoxin</font></p> <hr />     <p><span class="Estilo4 Estilo15">Texto completo formato PDF </span></p>     <p><strong><font size="2" face="Verdana">REFERENCIAS</font></strong></p>     <!-- ref --><p><font size="2" face="Verdana">1. Greenwood B. Maternal immunisation in developing countries. Vaccine 2003;21(24):3436-41.<br />    <!-- ref -->   2. Vandelaer J, Birmingham M, Gasse F, Kurian M, Shaw C, Garnier S. 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