<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2071-0054</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Ciencias Técnicas Agropecuarias]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Rev Cie Téc Agr]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2071-0054</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad Agraria de La Habana]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2071-00542022000300008</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Numerical Analysis and Experimental Validation of Pouring Casting Metal in Sand Mold]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Análisis numérico y validación experimental del vertido de metal fundido en molde de arena]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santana-Reyes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Santiago Amaury]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calzada-Pompa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inahudis]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morales-Tamayo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yoandrys]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zamora-Hernández]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Yusimit Karina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matos García]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Elisney]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Granma Facultad de Ciencias Técnicas Dpto. de Ingeniería Mecánica]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bayamo Granma]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Técnica de Cotopaxi Coordinación de Investigaciones ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Maná ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Quevedo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,División de Ventas de Piezas Granma  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bayamo Granma]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2071-00542022000300008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2071-00542022000300008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2071-00542022000300008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT Metal foundry represents an important sector within the mechanical industry. The method of casting metal into sand molds has been used for millennia because the freedom it allows the designer in terms of size and shape. The objective of this research is to establish a numerical simulation model, experimentally validated, of molten metal pouring in a sand mold, taking as analysis criteria the internal defects in the body of the bearing support of the 4 500 lb. harrow. In this research, an analysis was carried out, from the Finite Element Method (FEM), of casting process taking into account the molten metal pouring temperature, the mold preheating temperature and the filling speed. These parameters were recorded during the experimental testing of the process. An inspection procedure is shown, in which elements of visual analysis of the piece obtained and of simulation by MEF were used to determine the magnitude and location of internal defects inside the piece. The defects were classified in blowhole, porosity and cold junction, a correspondence was appreciated in terms of their location, between the simulated and the experienced models; while the defects area relative error in these models is less than 10%.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La fundición de metales representa un importante sector dentro de la industria mecánica. El método de vaciado de metal en moldes de arena ha sido utilizado durante milenios debido a la libertad que le permite al diseñador en términos de tamaño y forma. El objetivo de la presente investigación es establecer un modelo de simulación numérica, validado experimentalmente, del vertido de metal fundido en molde de arena teniendo como criterio de análisis los defectos internos en el cuerpo del soporte de los rodamientos de la grada de 4 500 lb. En esta investigación se realizó un análisis, a partir del Método de Elementos Finitos (MEF), del proceso de fundición teniendo en cuenta la temperatura de vertido del metal fundido, la temperatura de precalentamiento del molde y la velocidad de llenado, estos parámetros fueron registrados durante el ensayo experimental realizado del proceso. Un procedimiento de inspección es mostrado, en el que se utilizaron elementos de análisis visual de la pieza obtenida y de simulación por el MEF, para determinar la magnitud y localización de los defectos internos en el seno de la pieza. Los defectos fueron clasificados en sopladura, porosidad y unión fría, se apreció una correspondencia en cuanto a la localización de los mismos, entre el modelo simulado y el experimentado; mientras que el error relativo del área de los defectos en dichos modelos es menor al 10%.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Metal Casting]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Inspection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[FEM]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Defects]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Harrow]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[fundición de metales]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[inspección]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[MEF]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[defectos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[grada]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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