<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2218-3620</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Universidad y Sociedad]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Universidad y Sociedad]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2218-3620</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Editorial "Universo Sur"]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2218-36202018000500106</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[Determinantes de la actividad emprendedora en la mujer de hispanoamérica]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Determinants of entrepreneurial activity in Latin american women]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hablich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Felix]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bermúdez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Espinoza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Edison]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de Guayaquil  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>República del Ecuador</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2018</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<fpage>106</fpage>
<lpage>112</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2218-36202018000500106&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2218-36202018000500106&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2218-36202018000500106&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN La presente investigación aborda el emprendimiento como una herramienta de desarrollo económico de las naciones. En los últimos años el tema de emprendimiento ha cobrado relevancia como un mecanismo de lograr bienestar social y económico para los individuos, ante esta realidad se propone analizar los factores que afectan el emprendimiento considerando si estos factores son semejantes tanto para el género masculino como femenino. La metodología aplicada consiste en la recopilación literaria de diversos autores bajo un enfoque cualitativo cuyo objetivo fue revisar conceptos básicos de emprendimiento y el análisis comparativo del desarrollo de emprendimiento entre España, Ecuador y Chile, dicho análisis se realiza considerando las diferencias que existe entre el género femenino con el género masculino, se han tenido en cuenta aspectos como el sector donde se enfocan los emprendedores, la fuente de empleo que generan y la internacionalización. Por otra parte, se establecen las barreras que pueden mermar el desarrollo de emprendimientos de igual forma considerando si el género es una variable que podría agudizar dichas dificultades. Se concluyó que muchas de las dificultades que los emprendedores presentan al querer incursionar en el emprendimiento están asociadas al financiamiento, a las redes de información, el temor al fracaso. Además, aun cuando la mujer va incursionando de forma acelerada en el campo del emprendimiento, todavía tiene mayores dificultades que el género masculino para lograrlo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT This research deals with entrepreneurship as a tool for economic development of nations. In recent years the topic of entrepreneurship has gained importance as a means of achieving social and economic well-being for individuals, faced with this reality is to analyze the factors affecting entrepreneurship considering whether these factors are similar for both male and female. The methodology consists of the literary collection of various authors under a qualitative approach whose objective was to review basic concepts of entrepreneurship and comparative analysis of the development of entrepreneurship among Spain, Ecuador and Chile. This analysis is performed considering the differences between genders female to male gender were taken into account aspects such as the sector where entrepreneurs focus, the source generating employment and internationalization. Moreover, the barriers that can hinder the development of enterprises similarly, considering whether gender is a variable that could exacerbate these difficulties are set. It was concluded that many of the difficulties that entrepreneurs have to want to venture into entrepreneurship are related to financing, information networks, fear of failure. Moreover, even if the woman is rapidly making inroads in the field of entrepreneurship, still it has greater difficulties than the male to achieve it.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Emprendimiento femenino]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[actividad emprendedora]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[determinantes del emprendimiento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Female entrepreneurship]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[entrepreneurship activity]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[entrepreneurial determinants]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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