<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2224-6185</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Tecnología Química]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[RTQ]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2224-6185</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidad de Oriente]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2224-61852021000100060</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="es"><![CDATA[La Ingeniería Bioquímica: un antecedente precursor de la actual Biotecnología en Cuba]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Biochemical Engineering: a precursory antecedent of the present Biotechnology in Cuba]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Díaz -Abreu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Julio A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Monzón]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Aldo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Habana Facultad de Turismo ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de La Habana Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[La Habana ]]></addr-line>
<country>Cuba</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>41</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>60</fpage>
<lpage>74</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2224-61852021000100060&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2224-61852021000100060&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2224-61852021000100060&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[RESUMEN Para describir la Ingeniería Bioquímica, incluyendo surgimiento y desarrollo de sus estudios universitarios, como antecedente de la Biotecnología en Cuba, se realizó revisión bibliográfica y entrevistas a profesores y especialistas participantes o testigos del proceso. Entre 1940 y 1959 la Bioingeniería ya se aplicaba formalmente en investigaciones científicas internacionales; acá destacaba (1959/1960) el actual Instituto Cubano de Investigaciones en Derivados de Caña de Azúcar (ICIDCA). La Ingeniería Química no incluía formación para escalado industrial de nuevos procesos biológicos, hasta que la Universidad de La Habana (1960/61) creó la especialización Ingeniería Bioquímica que, después, evolucionó a ser carrera; primero fue Ingeniería de Alimentos (1973) y posteriormente Tecnología de Producciones Bioquímicas y Alimentarias (1982) en el Instituto Superior Politécnico (CUJAE). Con ambicioso plan inversionista, entre 1970 y 1989 Cuba desarrolló nuevas industrias que incluyeron las fermentativas, alimentarias y farmacéuticas. En 1987 se reestructuró una nueva Ingeniería Química integral y de perfil amplio, enfocada también a la bioingeniería; el perfeccionamiento de 1990 implicó mayor revolución metodológica con la nueva Disciplina Integradora &#8220;Ingeniería de Procesos&#8221;, aunque sin modificar la integralidad químico-bioquímica basada en los antecedentes de la década de 1960. Los ingenieros químicos actuales son competentes por igual para las industrias bioquímico-biotecnológicas y las químicas tradicionales. También el postgrado se desarrolló, con maestrías nuevas o fortalecidas; por la CUJAE en: Ingeniería Ambiental, Ingeniería Alimentaria (con colaboración del Instituto de Investigaciones de la Industria Alimentaria) e Ingeniería de los Procesos Biotecnológicos (con personal e instalaciones del Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[  ABSTRACT  In order to describe the Biochemical Engineering, including its university studies creation and development, as precursory antecedent of the Biotechnology in Cuba, it was done a bibliographic research and interviews to teachers and specialists participants or witness in that process. Within 1940 to 1959, the Bioengineering was already applied formally in international scientific researches; here was outstanding (1959/1960) the Cuban Institute for Research in Sugar cane Derivates (ICIDCA). Then in Chemical Engineering was didn&#8217;t include a formation for industrial scale up of new biologic processes, until the Havana University creates the specialization in Biochemical Engineering. (1960/61) which, later, was developed into career; first it was Food Engineering (1973) and then Biochemical and Food Productions Technology (1982). With an ambitious investment plan, from 1970 to 1989 Cuba developed new industrial enterprises including the fermentative, food and pharmaceutical ones. A new integral Chemical Engineering with wider profile was restructured in 1987 focused also to bioengineering; the study Plan improvement, in 1990, implied a higher methodological &#8220;revolution&#8221; with the new Integrating Discipline &#8220;Process Engineering&#8221;, but without modification of the chemical-biochemical integrality based on the antecedents of the 1960 decade. The actual chemical engineers are equally competent for the traditional chemical industries and the biochemical-biotechnological ones. The postgraduate level as master programs was also developed and improved; in CUJAE are in: Environment Engineering, Food Engineering (with collaboration of the Research Institute of the Food Industry) and Biotechnological Processes Engineering (with personnel and installations of the Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Center).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[bioingeniería]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[especialización]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ingeniería bioquímica]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[ingeniería química integral]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[bioengineering]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[biochemical engineering]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[specialization;, integral chemical engineering]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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