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Chemistry applications to wastewater treatment: case studies in Mexico and Cuba


 
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Revista Cubana de Química

 ISSN 2224-5421

BAZUA-RUEDA, E.R. et al. Chemistry applications to wastewater treatment: case studies in Mexico and Cuba. []. , 31, 1, pp. 105-133. ISSN 2224-5421.

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The authors had an academic meeting to face the challenge to provide clean water and to dispose of wastewaters once treated to reduce pollution impacts and to recycle the treated effluent. Chemistry plays a substantial role to the solution of removing pollutants since chemical reactions are crucial to increase the final quality of the treated effluents. A viable option might be the installation of units using the artificial wetlands technology. There microbial consortia carry these chemical reactions. Two case studies were considered, Mexico and Cuba. An example of the use of artificial wetlands to solve the lack of sanitation facilities for Mexico City’s Tlalpan section is given using as example two prototype plants located near this neighbourhood so that climate conditions will not interfere in the chemical reactions. The equivalent is given for a zone Havana City considering the Almendares river and the environmental impact on it.

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Los autores tuvieron una reunión académica para enfrentar el reto de tener agua limpia y tratar las aguas residuales, para reducir su impacto, reciclándolas. La química juega un rol sustantivo para la reducción de estos contaminantes, ya que las reacciones químicas son cruciales para mejorar la calidad final de los efluentes tratados. Estas reacciones químicas las realizan consorcios microbianos en la rizosfera de los humedales artificiales, por lo que una opción viable es instalarlos. Desde esta óptica se consideraron dos casos de estudio, México y Cuba. Se ejemplifica el uso de los humedales artificiales para resolver los problemas de Tlalpan en la Ciudad de México, usando una planta prototipo ubicada cerca de esta zona, para que el clima no interfiera en las reacciones químicas. El equivalente para Cuba es una zona del río Almendares, de La Habana y su impacto ambiental.

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