Abstract

CRUZ ABASCAL, Rafael Enrique et al. Diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients. Rev cubana med [online]. 2011, vol.50, n.1, pp. 29-39. ISSN 1561-302X.

A cross-sectional, prospective and descriptive study was conducted in 4 Family Physician Consulting Rooms of the "Chiqui Gómez" Polyclinic of Santa Clara City from April 1, 2004 to March 31, 2005 to determine the behavior o the chronic renal disease in type 2 diabetes patients aged over 15 including 92 type 2 diabetes patients with predominance of an age group over 60 years and female sex (p = 0,83). The Chi² test was used,goodness of fit (X² BA) for the ratio difference and Chi² independence to determine independence among qualitative variables. There was a 21,73 % of grade IV diabetic nephropathy (p = 0,000) associated with a larger course time, arterial hypertension, ischemic heart disease, peripheral vascular failure (p = 0,000). The risk factors present were: smoking (85 %), no-controlled arterial hypertension (60 %), hyperlipidemia (55 %) and family history of diabetic nephropathy (45 %) (p = 0.12). The retinopathy and metabolic lack of control were the analytical and clinical variables more related to renal function deterioration (p = 0.04). There was predominance of female sex among patients with renal dysfunction, in the age group over 60 among the associated diseases was present the arterial hypertension, the more important risk factor was the smoking and the analytical one, the serum creatinine more than 132,6 µmol/L.

Keywords : Type 2 diabetes mellitus; chronic renal disease; diabetic nephropathy; primary health care.

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