Introduction:

Segond's fracture is a modality of avulsion injuries that occur in the knee joint.

Objective:

To provide updated information on the most important elements of this traumatic entity.

Methods:

The search and analysis of the information was carried out in a period of 30 days (from January 1st to 30th, 2021) and the following words were used: tibial plateau fractures, Segond fractures, avulsion fracture, anterolateral ligament. From the information obtained, a bibliographic review of a total of 312 articles published in the databases PubMed, Hinari, SciELO and Medline was carried out using the search manager and reference manager EndNote, of which 32 selected citations were used to carry out the review, 29 of the last five years.

Results:

The anatomical structure involved is the anterolateral ligament, the clinical symptoms of this entity is characterized by immediate joint pain and inflammation that limits joint function. To confirm the diagnosis, advanced imaging studies are the most effective, including magnetic resonance imaging, which also helps to make the differential diagnosis with other conditions. Treatment can be conservative or surgical based on precise indications specific to the patient and the characteristics of the fracture.

Conclusions:

Segond's fracture reflects the presence of rotational tibiofemoral instability due to injury to the anterior cruciate ligament and the lateral capsular structures. The diagnosis of this entity is fundamentally imaging and surgical treatment is based on repair or reconstruction techniques.

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