Abstract

VAZQUEZ LOPEZ., Bárbaro et al. Clinical epidemiological characterization of infants with severe acute bronchiolitis. Multimed [online]. 2020, vol.24, n.3, pp. 499-514.  Epub May 25, 2020. ISSN 1028-4818.

Bronchiolitis is considered to be the first acute episode of wheezing in the context of a respiratory picture of viral origin that affects children younger than 24 months accompanied by respiratory distress of various degrees. This study aims to characterize patients with severe acute bronchiolitis in the intensive care unit of the Hermanos Cordové Provincial Pediatric Hospital during the period from January 2014 to December 2018. To achieve the stated objective, a retrospective observational descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with analytical phases. The universe consisted of 72 patients, collecting the information from the medical records and the hospital control registry. The information was processed using measures expressed in absolute numbers, standard deviation, arithmetic mean, percentages and rates. It was demonstrated that the age of onset of severe acute bronchiolitis occurs in children under 6 months of age, resulting in the predominant stay of more than 48 hours. The disease is directly related to risk factors such as exclusive non-breastfeeding and protein-energy malnutrition, requiring these patients, upon admission, supplemental oxygen and secretion aspiration as fundamental therapy. Frequent complications such as pneumonia and acute respiratory failure occurred. We can conclude by saying that well-defined policies and updated action protocols are needed for the comprehensive management of the infant with severe acute bronchiolitis, thus avoiding the appearance of complications that could lead to the death of the patient.

Keywords : Bronchiolitis; Acute respiratory infections; Severe respiratory insufficiency.

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