Abstract

PEREZ BORREGO,, Amparo; GUNTINAS ZAMORA, María Victoria  and  GONZALEZ LABRADA, Carelia. Marcadores de inmunorrespuesta en la periodontitis juvenil. Rev Cubana Estomatol [online]. 2002, vol.39, n.3, pp. 427-443. ISSN 1561-297X.

Juvenile periodontitis is a disease of the periodontium inherent to adolescents and young adults, affecting mainly the first molars and incisives and characterized by the severe loss of the alveolar bone sorrounding the permanent teeth with no correspondance between the celerity and severity of the destruction and the local factors. Genetic, infectious and immunological factors are considereed as the causes of the disease. Some immunoresponse markers were studied in 6 adolescents that were seen at our service with the diagnosis of juvenile periodontitis in addition to their clinical and radiological assessment. Both sexes were similarly affected. Dental mobility and bleeding were the most relevant clinical findings on examination, whereas the index of oral hygiene was adequate in all cases. No homogeneity was found in the immunological alterations, but all the patients were affected in more than one marker. The functional alterations of lymphocytes T predominated in the cellular studies. Hypogammaglobulinemia and elevated IgM were the most frequent alterations in the immunity of antibodies. It is stressed the difficulty existing to explain the pathogeny of the disease based only on a unique risk factor, as well as the importance of the individual evaluation of every patient.

Keywords : PERIODONTITIS, JUVENILE [etiology]; PERIODONTITIS, JUVENILE [immunology]; PERIODONTITIS, JUVENILE [radiography]; RISK FACTORS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; PERIODONTAL DISEASES [immunology]; IMMUNITY, CELLULAR; ADOLESCENCE.