Introduction:

Pleural effusion is called the accumulation of fluid in the pleural space above 5 and 15 mL in a hemithorax. Different etiologies are responsible for its appearance but a group of them are given by drug etiology. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is a secondary complication to the use of ovulation inducer therapy. The association of treatment with ovulation inducers in the genesis of pleural effusion is little known in the medical literature.

Objective:

To review the most important clinical-pathophysiological aspects reported on pleurisy in ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

Methods:

A review was carried out on the purpose of a clinical case of a 34-year-old patient with a medical history, followed in a fertility consultation. She was treated with clomiphene citrate and she developed an immediate moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. The clinical expression was a moderate right pleural effusion. Pleurisy is rare. It depends on the individual genetic predisposition of the patient and the susceptibility to drugs; the incidence varies between 0.6 and 10%. Different risk factors have been described, although any woman subjected to these treatments can develop it. Treatment is symptomatic, restoring the intravascular volume with the administration of crystalloids and / or albumin.

Conclusions:

The association of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and pleuropathy secondary to treatment with clomiphene citrate is not frequent.

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