Introduction:

Microbiota describes a group of microorganisms in a region or period of time that includes bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi, and viruses.

Objectives:

To explain the role of the intestinal microbiota in human health.

Methods:

A search was carried out in different databases such as NHI, Ebsco and PubMed in Spanish and English, a total of 17 articles were reviewed, most of them are less than 5 years.

Results:

Intestinal microbiota is mostly composed of Gram negative, with a cell wall rich in lipopolysaccharides (LPS) that enhances innate immunity by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligand interaction, triggers the production of proinflammatory cytokines, among others.

Conclusions:

Intestinal microbiota functions as an anti-inflammatory signaling agent and regulator of intestinal epithelial permeability.

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