Introduction:

Urinary lithiasis is a common disease, whose prevalence is increasing on a national and planetary scale.

Objectives:

To know the composition of urolithiasis in Cuban adult patients and its relationship with renal metabolic disorders.

Methods:

Descriptive, cross-sectional study. Universe constituted by Cuban patients aged 19 and over, who underwent a composition study of urolithiasis at the “Dr. Abelardo Buch” Institute of Nephrology, in Havana, Cuba, in the period 2011-2020. In 443 of them, a renal metabolic study had also been carried out. The data were collected from the results reports of stone composition and metabolic study. Frequency distribution analysis was used, and the independence test was used to identify relationships.

Results:

Regarding chemical composition, calcium oxalate stones predominated. The most frequent metabolic disorders were increased sodium excretion (46.7%) and low urine volume (29.3%). The frequency of patients with calcium stones was higher in those with increased sodium excretion (78.3%) and in those with hypercalciuria (83.3%), in contrast with the frequencies of this type of lithiasis, in those who did not present these disorders (p=0.03 in both cases).

Conclusions:

The most common urolithiasis in Cuban adults are calcium ones, especially those of calcium oxalate. The most common metabolic disorders are: increased urinary sodium excretion, low urinary volume and acid urinary pH. The presence of calcium lithiasis is related to increased urinary sodium excretion and hypercalciuria.

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