Abstract

RIVERON CORTEGUERA, Raúl L  and  MENA MIRANDA, Vivian R.. Desequilibrio hidroelectrolítico y ácido-base en la diarrea. Rev Cubana Pediatr [online]. 2000, vol.72, n.3, pp. 170-182. ISSN 1561-3119.

A review of the basic principles of water-mineral and acid-base balance was made aand the most frequent homeostatic mechanisms in pediatric ages, which are related to acute diarrheal diseases were studied in depth. The classification and management of dehydration using oral rehydration salts (ORS) (plans A and B) and intravenous solutions (plan C) as well as physiology and treatment of metabolic acidosis with sodium bicarbonate were described. The elements related to sodium and potassium control and acidd-base balance were set forth. Reference is mae to predisposition to bacterial translocation found in sustained hypovolemia for more than 8 hours.

Keywords : ACID-BASE IMBALANCE; WATER-ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE; DIARRHEA, INFANTILE [drug therapy]; DIARRHEA, INFANTILE [mortality]; DEHYDRATION [classification]; DEHYDRATION [drug therapy]; SODIUM BICARBONATE; FLUID THERAPY; BODY WATER; CHILD.

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