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Revista Cubana de Pediatría
On-line version ISSN 1561-3119
Abstract
BRAVO RAMIREZ, Maidalys et al. First outbreak of COVID-19 in Cuban pediatric patients. Rev Cubana Pediatr [online]. 2021, vol.93, suppl.1 Epub Dec 01, 2021. ISSN 1561-3119.
Introduction:
Until June 11, 2020, 10.4% of the total positive cases of SARS-CoV-2 in Cuba corresponded to patients under 18 years of age. Clinical manifestations in children affected by SARS-CoV-2 are usually mild and few deaths occur compared to other age groups.
Objective:
Characterize from the clinical, epidemiological and immunological point of view the Cuban pediatric patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 until June 11, 2020.
Methods:
Observational, cross-sectional study in 137 pediatric patients infected with COVID-19, who were epidemiologically discharged.
Results:
56.9 % of the patients presented asymptomatic form of the disease. Havana was the most affected province and the average age was 11.3 years. The most frequent symptoms were: fever, cough and diarrhea and occurred more frequently in patients with black skin (Odd Ratio = 3.40). Antibody concentrations for tetanus and Haemophilus influenzae type b provided protection in 92.7% to 100% of children, while for diphtheria 24.8% had no reliable protection. Of the symptomatic patients, 62.5% developed specific total antibodies against SARS-CoV-2.
Conclusions:
Patients in pediatric ages can contribute significantly to the transmission dynamics. Reliable protection for specific vaccines, the development of total antibodies to SAR-Cov-2, and general favorable prognosis without complications require continued research to identify biological and immunological differences between children and other age groups.
Keywords : SARS-CoV-2; pediatric patients; Cuba.