Abstract

GONZALEZ JIMENEZ, Gabriel; GOMEZ VATUE, Rafael  and  GONZALEZ IGLESIAS, Yaney. Assessment of diagnostic efficacy of ultrasonography for congenital anomalies. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2002, vol.28, n.3, pp. 0-0. ISSN 1561-3062.

The general overview of major congenital anomalies and the efficacy of ultrasonographic screening for their diagnosis were studied. To this end, the universe of study was composed by 14 774 female patients and comprised the total number of births, termination of pregnancies due to genetic problems and pediatric necropsies in the period ranging from January 1999 to December 2001. For the evaluation of risk factors and other epidemiologic elements, two groups were formed: one with all the mothers giving birth to malformed fetuses and the control group made up of 71 women giving birth to normal fetuses. The frequency of occurrence of major congenital anomalies and the odd ratios were assessed to measure risk factors in mothers. On the other hand, the values of sensitivity, specificity and Kappa index were used to measure the efficacy of ultrasonographic screening at 20-24 weeks of gestation. It was found that neurological and cardiovascular anomalies prevailed, that the main risk factors in hierarchical order were bronchial asthma with an odd ratio of 7,65, followed by diabetes mellitus with 3,80; Caucasian with 2,35, over 35 years of age with 1,57; epilepsy with 1,36 and finally hypertension with 1,32. The congenital anomalies that are less detected by ultrasonography are the cardiovascular ones. Ultrasound as a prenatal diagnostic test is more effective due to its global sensitivity of 74,4% and good agreement with the anatomical findings from necropsies, with a Kappa value of 0,66.

Keywords : ULTRASONOGRAPHY, PRENATAL; ABNORMALITIES [ultrasonography]; ABNORMALITIES [epidemiology]; RISK FACTORS; FETAL DISEASES [ultrasonography].

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