Abstract

LANDEROS, Patricia et al. EVALUATION OF TWO ADSORBENTS (MANNAN OLIGOSSACHARIDES AND CLINOPTILOLITE) IN DIETS OF BROILERS CONTAMINATED WITH FUMONISIN B₁. Rev Salud Anim. [online]. 2008, vol.30, n.1, pp. 50-58. ISSN 0253-570X.

Fumonisins are micotoxins mainly produced by Fusarium verticillioides, which usually contaminate corn and sorghum grains representing a serious animal health risk. Two fumonisin adsorbents were assayed in broiler diets experimentally contaminated with fumonisin B₁ (FB₁). To this aim, 162 Ross male chicken average weight 44 ± 1.2 g were randomly distributed into 9 groups including two adsorbents (mannan- oligossacharides and clinoptilolite) and two FB₁ levels (75 and 100 ppm). The productive parameters, as well as the enzymatic activities of aspartate amine transferase (AST) and alanine amine transferase (ALT), total proteins, sphinganine (SA) and sphingosine (SO) and their ratio (SA/SO) in serum and reduced glutathione (GSH) were tested in hepatic and renal tissues. A parallel histopathologic study was conducted. Statistical analysis was conducted by variance analysis (ANOVA) and Tukey´s test. There was a significant increase of AST enzymatic activity, as well as in SA/SO relationship in the groups exposed to FB₁ (p<0.05). The histopathological study showed a moderate tissue damage. It can be concluded that the fumonisin levels evaluated begin the damage at cellular level and detected by the alteration of the ratio SA/SO, without the observation of severe toxicological effects in organs, so it can be confirmed that the ratio is a sensitive biomarker of exhibition to FB1 in chickens, while the two adsorbents under the experimental conditions used, showed a slight similar protective effect on the chickens.

Keywords : fumonisin B₁; biomarker; clinoptilolite; mannan-oligossacharides; adsorbents; broilers.

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