Abstract

IGLESIAS, Dianella; OJITO-RAMOS, Katia; LINARES RIVERO, Claudia  and  PORTAL, Orelvis. In vitro antifungal activity of Citrus spp. leaves extracts against Stemphyllium solani Weber. Ctro. Agr. [online]. 2017, vol.44, n.3, pp. 5-12. ISSN 0253-5785.

ABSTRACT Tomato is a horticultural crop with high acceptance worldwide, which is affected for several pathogens in those who find Stemphyllium solani Weber, responsible for the gray leaf spot. The control of this disease is based on application of chemical fungicides, which increase production costs and cause pollution to the environment, so the search for methods of agroecological control is necessary, as is the use of plant extracts. The aim of this work was to determine the "in vitro" antifungal activity of Citrus spp. extracts against S. solani. The extracts were obtained by ultrasonic assisted extraction and then the total phenols content was quantified. For each extract was established the minimal inhibitory concentration, and then was determined the percentage of inhibition of micelial growth and the percentage of inhibition of conidial germination. In all extracts were obtained concentrations of totals phenols highest than 36 mg equivalent to galic acid mL^-1 of extracts. The ethanolic extract of Citrus aurantium var. sinensis (L.) Osbeck showed the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration against S. solani. The tested extracts, except C. aurantium in ethanol, showed percentages of inhibition of mycelial growth of S. solani of 100 %. However, only the extracts of C. aurantium var. sinensis in ethanol and Citrus reticulata Blanco in methanol showed percentages of inhibition of conidial germination of 100 %, so they were selected as the most effective in the in vitro control of S. solani

Keywords : agroecologycal control; phenols; gray leaf spot; tomato.

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