Abstract

BANDERA FERNANDEZ, Evelyn  and  PEREZ PELEA, Leneidy. Genetic breeding of guava (Psidium guajava L.). cultrop [online]. 2015, vol.36, suppl.1, pp. 96-110. ISSN 1819-4087.

Guava (Psidium guajava L.) is native to the tropical regions of America, but it has been introduced in different countries of the world where is nowadays naturalized. It is one of the most valuables tropical and subtropical fruit tree, because it is a natural source of vitamins and mineral salts. Due to its seed propagation, there are heterocigotic populations in which there is a correct genetic variability for the selection of desirable commercial types. At the foundation of the Cuban Fruit Tropical and Subtropical germplasm bank in 1965 (nowadays Tropical Fruit Research Institute, IIFT), was established the biggest collection of guava in the country. This germplasm collection has been characterized by using morphological markers and techniques of Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR). The evaluations allowed the selection of elite genotypes for commercialization, breeding and the establishment of crossing programs. They are able to build linkage maps using molecular markers and over 50 quantitative trait loci were detected, as a basis for marker assisted selection. These results, in conjunction with the use of tissue culture techniques for the conservation and propagation of germplasm, have allowed to propose a methodology for developing crop improvement program in the country

Keywords : fruits; germplasm; molecular markers; plant breeding.

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