Abstract

TORTORA, María Laura et al. Isolation, characterization and activity of Azospirillum brasilense strains associated to sugarcane. cultrop [online]. 2019, vol.40, n.1 ISSN 1819-4087.

Sugarcane is one of the most relevant bioenergy crops in Argentina. Due to its high capacity for biomass production, the crop has a high nitrogen requirement that can be supplied using chemical fertilizers. To ensure the sustainability of bioenergy programs and reduce the environmental issues caused by synthetic fertilizers, it is necessary to replace them in a short term. In this sense, Azospirillum inoculation constitutes the most used alternatives in our region to increase sugarcane plantations yields. The objective of this work was to isolate and characterize Azospirillum bacteria from sugarcane, analyze some of their PGPB characteristics and evaluate the effect of bioproducts formulated with the obtained isolates on crop sprouting. Three endophytic isolates (Ls1, Ls2 and Ls3) and two from the rhizosphere (Tv1 and Tv2) were obtained, with potential ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen and produce total indoles. Using 16S gene restriction and sequencing, the isolates were identified as A. brasilense. Genotyping by BOX-PCR, confirmed that Ls1, Ls2 and Ls3 were different from each other and from Az39 strain, unlike observations for Tv1 and Tv2. On greenhouse bioassays, it was observed that the inoculation with Ls1 biopreparation significantly increased sugarcane germination rate, so it could be used as a biofertilizer in this crop.

Keywords : bacteria; biofertilizers; nitrogen; grass.

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