Abstract

Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [online]. 2005, vol.21, n.2, pp. 0-0. ISSN 1561-2996.

The acute lung damage related to transfusion (known in English for its acronyms TRALI, Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury) is characterized by acute respiratory failure and/or findings compatible with lung edema, but with no evidence of heart failure in a recepient of some blood component. It has a frequency range from 1:2000 to 1:7000 transfused units and from 1:625 to 1:2500 by transfused patient. TRALI is associated with the transfusion of all the blood components. There is an immunolgical TRALI due to antibodies against specific antigens of granulocytes and anti-HLA antibodies, and a non-immunological TRALI due to biologically active lipids. The TRALI diagnosis is based on the signs and clinical symptoms and on the laboratory researches, which are divided into test to detect the presence and specificity of antibodies and tests to determine the involved antigen. The treatment of these patients include: ventilatory support, endovenous steroids, antihypertensive drugs, and the use of diuretics. Most of the patients recover an adequate lung function in 12-24 hours. Many antibodies may be involved in TRALI. A great variety of techniques is needed to detect each of them, which will complicate a routine work. Therefore, the issue related to TRALI prevention has not come to an end. That's why, all the personnel working in a blood service or that simply participates in the indication of a blood transfusion should know in detail the benefits and risks of it in order to attain a transfusional medicine of excellence and a reduction of the posttransfusion reactions

Keywords : TRALI; polymorphonuclear neutrophil; antibodies.

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