Introduction:

Hypertension is a multifactorial disease, which, in 90% of cases, is idiopathic and only attributed to the presence of risk factors.

Objective:

To characterize the behavior of the risk factors for arterial hypertension in the community of Caserío Mayabe, Holguín.

Methods:

An observational and retrospective case-control study was conducted about risk factors for arterial hypertension, during the period from November 2018 to November 2019. A sample divided into two groups was used: cases and controls, each with sixty patients belonging to the family medical office # 40 of Pedro del Toro Polyclinic. The individual and family medical records of the patients in both groups were reviewed. Data from laboratory tests were collected and a survey was applied.

Results:

The following were identified as risk factors for hypertension: age between 50-65 years [OR: 3.3], family pathological history of hypertension [OR: 5.4], personal pathological history of diabetes [OR: 2.7], hypercholesterolemia [OR: 5.1], hypertriglyceridemia [OR: 5.2], combined dyslipidemia [OR: 8.2], and smoking [OR: 2.8].

Conclusions:

The risk factors related to arterial hypertension in this community were dyslipidemias, smoking, and a family history of arterial hypertension.

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