Abstract

RAMOS LOPEZ, Meisy et al. Evaluation of the macular architecture of patients operated on from macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment using optical coherence tomography. Rev Cubana Oftalmol [online]. 2010, vol.23, n.2, pp. 169-184. ISSN 1561-3070.

OBJECTIVE: With the support of optical coherence tomography, to evaluate the macular condition of the patients operated on from rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, with detached macula, who underwent buckling surgery and pars plana vitrectomy. METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted. The sample was finally made up of 40 eyes from 38 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. This study compared the surgical results from both techniques. The variables such as age, sex, risk factors, retinal and length of evolution of the retinal detachment were analyzed. Physical examination was performed; the best preoperative and postoperative corrected visual acuity was taken in addition to postoperative evaluation based on optical coherence tomography one month and three months after surgery. The statistical sign test was used for the best corrected visual acuity variable in both techniques. Mann Whitney´s statistical test was applied to compare the best postoperative visual acuity in both techniques. RESULTS: Myopia was the prevailing risk factor in both groups followed by aphakia, pseudoaphakia and trauma. The length of evolution of the retinal detachment was under 15 days for both surgical techniques. The best corrected visual acuity after the surgery was statistically significant for both surgical techniques (p= 0,002 for scleral buckling and p= 0,001 for PPV). No statistically significant differences were found in both surgical techniques in terms of anatomical and functional recovery of the macula However, in those patients operated on by scleral buckling technique, the anatomical recovery was slow; the group had 35 % of applied macula after one month and the main finding was subfoveal detachment. The PPV group presented 65 % of applied macula after one month and the main pathological finding was macular edema. CONCLUSIONS: Optical coherence tomography is an important alternative to evaluate the macular architecture after the surgery of retinal detachment.

Keywords : Macula; optical coherence tomography; retinal detachment; rhegmatogenous.

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