Abstract

GONZALEZ SOTERO, Janet; ROJAS ALVAREZ, Eduardo  and  BENITEZ MERINO, María del Carmen. In vivo microscopic characteristics of the subbasal corneal nervous plexus in patients with keratoconus. Rev Cubana Oftalmol [online]. 2013, vol.26, n.2, pp. 218-226. ISSN 0864-2176.

Objective: to describe the in vivo microscopic characteristics of the subbasal nervous plexus in the corneas of patients with keratoconus. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in 226 patients with keratoconus, who met the set criteria, in the period of January to November 2010. The results were compared with those of a contrast group made up of 68 healthy subjects. The ConfoScan 4 equipment was used for the microscopic analysis. The study used basic summary statistics and comparison of the means of variables using one-way ANOVA. The multiple comparisons of the means of the histological variables in patients with keratoconus, according to their severity, and those of the contrast group, were all adjusted for Dunnet's t test. It was proved that there was univariate association of the histological variables among them and with the severity of keratoconus through Spearman's correlation coefficient. For the purpose of controlling risks in the research, the variable correlation was controlled for age. Results: the density of the sub-basal nervous plexus was found to be significantly reduced, being 43% lower in the grade III patients than in the contrast group. There was significant association between the density of the sub-basal nervous plexus and the severity of keratoconus. Conclusions: microarchitecture of the sub-basal nervous plexus is impaired in the corneas with keratoconus since the early stages of the disease.

Keywords : keratoconus; subbasal nervous plexus; confocal microscopy.

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