Introduction:

Accidents do not occur isolated, they are almost always related to a social factor and the cultural environment. It is proposed that socioeconomic conditions impact on people's health.

Objectives:

To determine the socioeconomic factors that influence the occurrence of burns in pediatric ages.

Methods:

Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in the Caumatology room of " Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" Hospital, Santiago de Cuba province, in 2017. The SPSS System was used. Absolute frequency and percentage were determined.

Results:

The most affected age group were children aged 1-4 years. No differences were found in relation to sex. Boiling liquids were the predominant causative agent. Families with 1 or 2 children and low incomes stood out. In the case studies, 71.7% of the relatives had little knowledge about the prevention and first aid of burns. 41.7% of the families had a family member who smoked.

Conclusions:

The interaction of social factors with economic factors influences the occurrence of burns and other conditions in pediatric ages, being the most vulnerable the group of 1-4 years old.