Abstract

LOPEZ-GONZALEZ, Belkis et al. Anemophilic pollen grains: sensitization in allergic patients. Vaccimonitor [online]. 2023, vol.32  Epub Apr 01, 2023. ISSN 1025-0298.

Nowadays, the most frequent aeroallergens causing allergy diseases have been anemophilous pollen grains. They have been able to triggers crises that have reflected a high morbidity. In Cuba, studies of sensitization to pollen grains have been scarce. The objective of our research was to determine the sensitization to pollen grains in allergic patients and its relationship with the presence of allergic diseases. A non-randomized, descriptive, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted from March to June 2019. The sample consisted of 33 patients with asthma, allergic rhinitis, rhinoconjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis and allergic conjunctivitis. All patients underwent allergic history and skin prick test testing with allergenic extracts of: Helianthus annus, Cosmos bipinnatus, Cynodon dactylon, Quercus sp, Eucalyptus sp. Absolute frequencies, percentages, standard deviation, mean, average age, and Spearman´s test were applied for analysis. The average age of the sample was 36.9 years, with a predominance of women. More than 50% of the patients presented sensitization to pollen grains; of them, 24.24% polysensitized. The highest percentage of sensitization was to Cynodon dactylon. Allergic rhinitis was the disease that prevailed in the population studied.

Keywords : pollen; immunological sensitization; allergens.

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