Introduction:

recent studies that suggest the use of high-flow oxygen therapy for the treatment of acute bronchiolitis.

Objective:

to determine if the use of high-flow oxygen therapy with nasal cannulas reduces the need for mechanical ventilation in patients with moderate acute bronchiolitis.

Methods:

an ambispective cohort study was carried out in children admitted with a diagnosis of acute bronchiolitis, in the periods between September 2017 to March 2018 and September 2018 to March 2019 at the South Children's Hospital in Santiago de Cuba.

Results:

male patients predominated in both study groups, 5 children (8.3%) saw invasive mechanical ventilation before the application of high-flow oxygenation and only 1 (1.7%) in the following period, the average stay ranged between 4.8 and 5.3 days in the stage prior to the introduction of the new technique and from 4.2 to 4.5 during its application.

Conclusions:

the application of high-flow oxygenation was related to a decrease in the use of invasive mechanical ventilation and length of stay in patients with moderate acute bronchiolitis.

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