Introduction:

The first description of microscopic colitis was made in 1976. Currently, it groups three subgroups of pathologies, the classic lymphocytic colitis and collagenous colitis, the third subgroup corresponds to incomplete microscopic colitis.

Objective:

To identify the main factors associated with the development of microscopic colitis at the Hospital General Provincial "Carlos Manuel de Céspedes", Bayamo, Granma, from March 2019 to August 2021.

Method:

An observational, analytical study of cases and controls was carried out in patients aged 18 years or older with chronic watery diarrhea treated at the gastroenterology service. The variables studied were: presence of microscopic colitis, age, sex, smoking habit, use of medications, comorbidities, abdominal pain, fatigue, fecal incontinence and weight loss. The sample size for paired studies was determined using the STATA 17 program. For its estimation, the following were considered: confidence level, statistical power of the test, ratio of cases and controls and minimum Odds Ratio.

Results:

There was no association between age over 50 years and the probability of presenting colitis. The female sex prevailed (62.5%). Of the total number of patients with microscopic colitis (n=16), 62.5% smoked. The OR obtained indicated that smoker patients have 2.5 times more risk. Diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with the diagnosis of microscopic colitis and increased the risk fivefold.

Conclusions:

There is a relationship between female sex, smoking, diabetes mellitus, cholecystectomy, consumption of three or more drugs and fecal incontinence with the presence of microscopic colitis.

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