Abstract

GONZALEZ MENDOZA, Dayanis Ceila et al. Clinical surgical and pathological characterization of nodular thyroid disease . MEDISAN [online]. 2012, vol.16, n.11, pp. 1736-1745. ISSN 1029-3019.

Introduction: Nodular thyroid disease is a worrisome endocrine problem due to its association with cancer. Objectives: To characterize patients hospitalized with this condition according to clinical surgical and pathological aspects, as well as to determine the effectiveness of the cytology by fine-needle aspiration biopsy for diagnosis. Method: A descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study was carried out in 154 patients with this disease, operated at the General Surgery Department of "Dr. Ambrosio Grillo Portuondo" Clinical Surgical Teaching Hospital in Santiago de Cuba during the period 2007-2010. Results: There was a predominance of 30-59 year-old females. Rates of reliability for cytology were: sensitivity (81.2%), specificity (97.9%) and diagnostic accuracy (93.9%). Among benign nodules was the follicular adenoma, and among malignant ones was the papillary carcinoma. Hemithyroidectomy was the most frequent operation; however, in all malignant nodules total thyroidectomy was performed. Dysphonia was the most commonly postoperative complication significantly associated with radical surgery. Conclusions: Cytology by fine-needle aspiration biopsy allows a reliable diagnosis of nodular thyroid diseases. In the presence of thyroid cancer the trend should be radical surgery, although it is associated with many postoperative complications.

Keywords : thyroid gland; thyroid nodule; thyroid cancer; thyroidectomy; cytology by fine-needle aspiration biopsy; biopsy; econdary health care.

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