Introduction:

gastrointestinal tract bleeding is infrequent in pediatrics. Although most of the causes are not life-threatening, it requires an approach that allows the physician to make an early diagnosis and assess the severity of the bleeding, as well as the selection of complementary diagnostic and therapeutic studies.

Objective:

to assess the clinical behavior presented by the causal factors of digestive bleeding in children at Provincial Pediatric Teaching Hospital of Pinar del Río, during the period 2019- 2021.

Methods:

an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study in a sample comprised of 49 children chosen by means of a simple random sampling and having the inclusion criteria. The application of a survey allowed the collection of information to analyze the variables studied. For the analysis of the results, descriptive statistical methods such as absolute and relative frequencies were applied.

Results:

the group aged one to five years was predominant (44,9%). Inadequate diet (43,3 %) and constipation (40,0 %) were identified as basic risk factors. Lower gastrointestinal bleeding predominated (84,3 %), with anal fissure (24,2 %) and rectal polyps (16,1 %) as the main causes.

Conclusions:

it occurs more frequently in children under 5 years old, in the urban area, rectorrhagia and hematemesis were the main clinical symptoms and signs, lower gastrointestinal bleeding predominated with perianal fissure and polyps as main causes.

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