Background:

bronchial asthma is an important health problem and a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality. Human, social, environmental and economic factors influence its genesis.

Objective:

to identify social and environmental factors related to the severity of bronchial asthma in children, based on their clinical and demographic characteristics.

Methods:

a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 46 children with bronchial asthma belonging to medical offices 1 and 2 of the Area VIII polyclinic in Cienfuegos, from November 2019 to May 2020. Social and demographic variables were used.

Results:

the male sex predominated; ages between 13-16 and 17-19 years old were the most affected, in both groups with a family history of asthma. 31 infants were exposed to the smoking habit of family members and it was related to persistent moderate crises. Most of the children required pharmacological treatment. Overcrowding prevailed, which influenced the appearance of respiratory infections. Moderately functional families prevailed, there was a predominance of dwellings classified as regular.

Conclusions:

bronchial asthma requires systematic educational work for its prevention. There is a direct relationship between the severity of the clinical manifestations and the risk factors that condition it.

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