Abstract

PORTILLO GODOY, Francia Mariel; AIXA GONZALEZ, Damaris; MENDOZA AGUILAR, Javier Ivan  and  BACA RODRIGUEZ, Luz De Solzireé. Effects of Enos during the closure of lepidochelys olivacea in the Gulf of Fonseca from 2010-2020. Universidad y Sociedad [online]. 2022, vol.14, n.6, pp. 596-607.  Epub Dec 30, 2022. ISSN 2218-3620.

This study analyzes the effects of the ENOS phenomenon (known as El Niño and La Niña) on the arrival, spawning, hatching and release processes of the sea turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea) in five conservation camps for the species located in the Gulf of Fonseca, between the years 2010 to 2020. The record books of the turtle camps were used during the closure process and contain data on the arrival, spawning, hatching and release, the analysis of the variations in different climatic parameters and semi-structured interviews directed to presidents of the turtle committees. The results show that in the last decade the average temperature has remained in a range of 34.5 to 36.2 degrees Celsius, experiencing climatic variability in the region such as droughts, tidal waves, floods and accelerated loss of beach. The presence of Niño Fuerte in 2015 is related to the absence or little rainfall recorded in that year, while in 2017 an increase in annual rainfall is observed and this correlates with a greater arrival and spawning of the species in the beaches of the Gulf of Fonseca.

Keywords : Lepidochelys olivacea; climate change; ENSO phenomenon; conservation; Gulf of Fonseca.

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