Abstract

SAN JOSE PEREZ, Daisy Maritza; MULET BRUZON, Bárbara Idianis; RODRIGUEZ NODA, Odalis  and  LEGRA GARCIA, Magdeline. Mother's factors related to a low birth weight. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2011, vol.37, n.4, pp. 489-501. ISSN 0138-600X.

The weight birth is without doubt one of the more important elements in order to the newborn has a satisfactory growth and development. The low birth weight is one of the leading causes of the perinatal and infantile morbidity and mortality. A descriptive and observational study was conducted in a series of cases to know the behavior of factors related to the low birth weight in the "René Avila Reyes" polyclinic of Holguín province from January, 2005 to May, 2010. Universe included 86 pregnants whose fetus had a weight lower than 2 500 g and the sample included 62 pregnants, according the inclusion criteria. Information was gathered by review of statistical charts from the area and obstetric cards. Theoretical methods were used: logical historical, analysis and synthesis and induction-deduction in throughout research. A delayed intrauterine growth was the main cause of low weight influenced by the mother's malnutrition and an insufficient weight gain during pregnancy. The obstetric backgrounds more predominant were the short inter-genesis and those of two or more pregnant interruptions related to occurrence of newborns with a restricted intrauterine growth (RIUG) and preterm, respectively. The more frequent affections related to pregnancy were the hypertensive disease related to pregnancy achieving the great figure in the cases with RIUG and the vaginal infection led to a greater number of preterm births.

Keywords : low birth weight; delayed intrauterine growth; preterm; mother factors.

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