Abstract

RIO VAZQUEZ, Vicente  and  ANIAS CALDERON, José. Physiopathologic mechanisms of cardiovascular alterations in sleep obstructive apnea syndrome. Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd [online]. 2009, vol.28, n.1, pp. 0-0. ISSN 1561-3011.

In Cuba, mortality and morbidity of cardiovascular disease is high, justifying the study of Physiopathologic mechanisms associating the syndrome of sleep obstructive apnea syndrome (SOAS) with cardiovascular diseases. Patients presenting with SOAS have anatomic, muscular, and neurologic factors favoring closure of high airway (HA). Obstruction provokes hypoxia, increases of a negative intrathoracic pressure, and sympathetic discharges associated with frequent awakenings. The high intrathoracic negative pressure decreases the left ventricular fill, and the cardiac output. As an adaptation response to this dysfunction, it is produced a sympathetic activation as well as a release of atrial natriuretic peptide raising very much the arterial pressure. Episodes of hypoxia-re-oxygenation in these patients produce an imbalance in vascular homeostasis, and an endothelial dysfunction, favoring low-density lipoproteins oxidation, generating vascular structural changes and also favoring appearance of cardiovascular diseases.

Keywords : Sleep apnea; disease; cardiovascular; endothelial dysfunction; physiopathology.

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