Abstract

OSORIO LEON, Sarah; BARRERA SOTOLONGO, Julián  and  GUZMAN, Maikel. Hospital attention in obstetric and metabolic surveillance in diabetic pregnant women; a work experience. Rev Cubana Invest Bioméd [online]. 2013, vol.32, n.2, pp. 186-195. ISSN 0864-0300.

Background: it is known that, in recent years, obstetric management has made emphasis on the strict control of glycemia in the mother and the fetal survival has been improved, which is directly proportional to the mean maternal glycemia. Objective: to characterize the principal results in the hospital experience on obstetric and metabolic surveillance in the management of pregnant diabetic women in "Ciro Redondo García" General Hospital, Regional Reference Center in Artemisa. Methods: an observational analytical prospective cross-longitudinal study was conducted in "Ciro Redondo García" General Hospital in Artemisa from June 2005 to June 2012. From a universe of 2 140 pregnant women admitted in the hospital, 240 were diagnosed diabetics, representing them, the sample of the study. Results: the 77.5 % of them were classified as gestational diabetic women (GD) whereas pregestational diabetic women (PGD) represented the 22.5 %. The 31-36 and 20-25 age groups were the most predominant in gestational and pregestational diabetes, for a 29.1% and a 33.3%, respectively. The most predominant risk factors in the study were: obesity (44.2%), age over 34 years, polyhydramnios, previous macrosomia, and spontaneous abortion (38.7, 18, 8.1, 6.6%, respectively). Other risk factors were: family antecedents of diabetes mellitus in pregnant women, the time of diagnosis of gestational diabetes after the 20 weeks, the caesarean section as the most predominant type of delivery, and gestational age at delivery at term. Conclusions: in a valued Public Health System such as the Cuban one, appropriate measures should be taken to monitor and control morbidity and complications in pregnant diabetic women.

Keywords : gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); gestational diabetes (GD); pregestational diabetes (PGD).

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