Introduction:

Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory process that reversibly damages the pancreatic parenchyma. It is, through time, a deceitful and variable disease; timely identification of the signs of severity improves the prognosis and reduces mortality.

Objective:

To establish the factors that, upon hospitalization, influence the evolution of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis.

Methods:

A quantitative, observational and descriptive study with analytical phases was carried out in patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis, at Carlos Manuel de Céspedes Provincial General Hospital.

Results:

The mean age was 51,17 years, while 60.49% of the patients were male. Survival was 93.83%. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome, dysfunction of one or more organs, performance of surgical intervention, heart rate higher than 90 beats per minute, tachypnea, glycemic value over 6.5 mmol/L, and white blood cell count value greater than 11.0x109/L, resulted in risk factors that, upon admission, influenced the evolution of patients towards death.

Conclusions:

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome was the main risk factor and the variable that had the greatest influence on the evolution towards death of the patients studied, followed by organ dysfunction and the performance of surgical intervention. The rest of the variables studied did not influence the evolution of patients diagnosed with acute pancreatitis.

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