Abstract

MARTINEZ ZAMBRANO, Julian Javier; PACHECO MORENO, Milena María  and  RADA OSPINO, Ivone. Comparison of the minimal inhibitory concentration and the plasma cephalotin concentration through a mathematical model. Rev Cubana Farm [online]. 2013, vol.47, n.2, pp. 213-224. ISSN 0034-7515.

Introduction: the use of drugs out of therapeutic ranges is a hospital problem since the anthropometric parameters of patients, which are determinants in the drug concentrations, are rarely taken into consideration. Objectives: to implement a mathematical model based on the patient's parameters in order to determine the possible plasma cephalotine concentrations and to compare them with the minimum inhibitory concentrations for isolated microorganisms. Methods: a group of male patients aged 18 to 50 years under postsurgical prophylactic treatment with cephalotine was selected. Data was collected on cephalotin dosage, weight, size, age and hematocrit. Extracellular, plasma and blood volumes were estimated by the Hedin's informed model. Additionally, the plasma cephalotin concentration was measured by using the model suggested in this study and then compared with the minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolated microorganisms. Results: twenty four patients aged 32.6 years ± 8, weighing 69 kg ± 7.51, with size of 168.87 cm ± 7.10 were analyzed. Resistance to concentrations equal to or higher than 32 µg/mL was observed in 56.3 % of microorganisms. The most common agent was Escherichia coli in 18 isolated strains. The comparison of the distribution volume and of the plasma cephalotin concentration estimated with the Hedin's informed model and with the model devised in the present paper did not show significant differences according to Student's t test result, with p< 0.05. Conclusions: the comparison of the theoretical concentrations of cephalotine for in-hospital postsurgical prophylactic use estimated by the model yielded that these concentrations did not allow overcoming the minimum inhibitory concentration for the isolated microorganisms.

Keywords : minimum inhibitory concentration; plasma concentration; blood volume; plasma volume; extracellular volume.

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