Introduction:

Congenital cardiopathies are malformations that can appear in children under 1-year-old.

Objective:

Present the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of congenital cardiopathies in children under 1-year-old.

Methods:

It was conducted a prospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study in the Cardiopathy Service of “Octavio de la Concepción de la Pedraja” Pediatric Hospital, in Holguín province, Cuba during the period January 2017 - December 2018. The sample was formed by 102 children under 1-year-old with a confirmed diagnosis of congenital cardiopathies. The information was collected from the data issued by the provincial cardio-pediatric network and the statistics yearbook of 2018. Six sociodemographic and clinical variables were operationalized. The values were expressed in rates, absolute values, percentages and ratio.

Results:

There were diagnosed congenital defects in 0,48% of children under 1-year-old. 53,92% corresponded to the female sex; there was a prevalence of the period of postnatal diagnostic with 60,78%. The municipalities with standardized prevalence ratio higher than 1,40 were Urbano Noris, Báguanos and Antilla. The anomalies that presented a higher frequency were interauricular communication and interventricular communication with 42,16 and 20,59%, respectively; the acyanotic defects with 95,10%. Cardiac murmur was the most frequent clinical manifestation with 54,90%.

Conclusions:

Congenital cardiopathies are diseases that affect nowadays the morbidity of children under 1 year of age in Holguín province. The most found anomalies were the acyanotic defects, and the clinical manifestation found in more than half of the sample was the cardiac murmur.

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