Abstract

ALVAREZ PONCE, Vivian Asunción; ALONSO URIA, Rosa María; BALLESTE LOPEZ, Irka  and  MUNIZ RIZO, Milagros. The low birth weight and its relation to the high blood pressure in pregnancy. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2011, vol.37, n.1, pp. 23-31. ISSN 1561-3062.

Pre-eclampsia is one of commonest complications of pregnancy and frequently is associated with a low birth weight. OBJECTIVES: to determine the relation between the low birth weight and the mother pre-eclampsia history, to describe the type of high blood pressure, to establish the relation between the mother variables: age, parity, gestational age at labor and the mother complications with the nutritional assessment of newborn and to identify the morbidity of the low birth weight newborn. METHODS: A retrospective, longitudinal and descriptive study was conducted in the mothers with pregnancy hypertensive disorders that gave birth to low birth weight newborns over the period between January 1 and June 30, 2009. Universe included 75 low birth weight newborns and 23 neonates whose mothers had a history of high blood pressure or had a hypertensive disorder during pregnancy. Vafriables included: type of high blood pressure, mother age, parity, gestational age at labor, nutritional assessment of the newborn, mother and neonatal complications. RESULTS: The severe pre-eclampsia was the more frequent presentation of high blood pressure (39.1 %) with predominance of nulliparity (38.5 %). Adolescence was not a risk factor in our study (8.7 %). The 60.9 % of low birth weight neonates had a asymmetrical intrauterine growth restriction. Mother and neonate morbidity was low. CONCLUSIONS: There was a relation between the severe pre-eclampsia presence and the low birth weight.

Keywords : Pre-eclampsia; low weight; high blood pressure; intrauterine malnutrition.

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