Abstract

VALDES YONG, Magel et al. Perinatal outcomes in pregnant women suffering of excess nutritional disorders. Rev Cubana Obstet Ginecol [online]. 2014, vol.40, n.1, pp. 13-23. ISSN 0138-600X.

Introduction: every day the number of women starting their pregnancy with excess nutritional disorders increases along with maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Objective: to determine the perinatal outcome in pregnant women with pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity in Santa Cruz del Norte for 2 years. Methods: a prospective observational analytic study was conducted from July 2009 to June 2011 in a universe of 109 overweight and obese pregnant women at the beginning of their pregnancy. A random sample of 96 pregnant women was chosen to form the study group; 219 normal weight patients were available the control group, who were randomly selected from the medical practices according to multiple criteria. Data were collected by reviewing the clinical and obstetric histories and they were processed using descriptive and inferential statistical measures. Results: pre-eclampsia- eclampsia was significantly observed in pre-pregnancy overweight and obese patients (17.7 %); 7.3 % patients had gestational diabetes, excessive weight gain in 34.4 %; 12.5 % had placental insufficiency; 16.7 % had oligoamnios; 5.2 % had preterm delivery, and 10.4 % needed instrumental delivery. Respiratory distress and hypoglycemia were significant complications of newborns (11.5 % and 13.5 % respectively), and 14.6 % had postpartum bleeding. Conclusions: nutritional disorders excess at the beginning of pregnancy predispose to adverse perinatal outcomes for mother health, the fetus and the newborn. These disorders contribute to increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality.

Keywords : pregnancy; overweight; obesity; perinatal outcomes; maternal morbidity; fetal morbidity and fetal mortality.

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