Abstract

CASTRO CARDENAS, Karyna et al. Risk factors and severity of diabetic retinopathy. Rev Cub Med Mil [online]. 2013, vol.42, n.2, pp. 181-190. ISSN 0138-6557.

Objective: to characterize patients diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy in relation to severity and presence of risk factors. Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in 135 patients who had been diagnosed as having diabetic retinopathy in the Ophthalmology Department of Dr. Luis Díaz Soto Central Military Hospital. Results: there was a predominance of non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy; more patients were classified as Type 2 diabetics; the most used form of treatment was insulin therapy; the 33,3 % with more than 31 years of diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus and a deficient glycemic control in a 54,1 %; urinary albumin excretion less than 20mg/L (normal). In the group with mild and moderate non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, the largest number of patients presented with a period of evolution of the disease between 6 and 10 years, with oral hypoglycaemic therapy, good glycemic control and urinary albumin excretion of less than 20 mg/L. In the group with severe non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative diabetic retinopathy predominated: time of diagnosis of the disease of more than 21 years, insulin treatment, deficient glycemic control and urinary albumin excretion greater than 100 mg/L. Conclusions: most patients were characterized by presenting mild non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, being Type 2 diabetics, receiving insulin therapy, with evolution of diabetes for more than 21 years, and having deficient glycemic control and normal urinary albumin excretion.

Keywords : diabetic retinopathy; risk factors.

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