Abstract

ROMANO, Silvina M.  and  LAJTMAN, Tamara. Bolivia: Strategic Resources and the New Political War. UH [online]. 2020, n.290, pp. 221-249.  Epub Nov 01, 2020. ISSN 0253-9276.

The article shows how the hegemony of the United States in Latin America and the Caribbean is disputed by Russia and China as rising powers, forcing a redefinition of U.S. foreign policy, including a return to political warfare. It is a question of demonstrating why the government of the Movement Towards Socialism (MAS) in Bolivia was systematically defined, in negative terms, by disqualification conceived by the international community and internal destabilization. This arises as a result of the articulation between soft geopolitics and hard geopolitics. The former includes the stories and the construction of meanings opposed to the MAS government centered on liberal values and disseminated by think tanks and the hegemonic press, which constantly operated to hide or leave aside the "hard geopolitics" involved in decision making. Moreover, it is demonstrated that it was this articulation that allowed not only destabilization, but the subsequent coup d'état accepted by the international community.

Keywords : Bolivia; United States; political war; soft geopolitics; hard geopolitics.

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