Abstract

MUSSI, Carlos; NAKAYAMA, Héctor  and  OVIEDO DE CRISTALDO, Rosa. Phenotypic variability in M₁ populations of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) with gamma ray irradiated. cultrop [online]. 2016, vol.37, suppl.1, pp. 74-80. ISSN 1819-4087.

Mutation induction has been used in breeding programs to produce genetic variability. The objective of the research was to evaluate the phenotypic variation induced by gamma radiation in sesame seeds. The experiment was carried out in the experimental field of the Agricultural Sciences Faculty in the National University of Asunción, between October 2013 and February 2014. Seeds used corresponded to the M₁ generation, from Escoba cultivar. Completely randomized design was used, with three treatments 0, 300 and 400 Gy, respectively, and twenty five repetitions, randomly selected within the field crop, with eight plants each one. The variables evaluated were: color, pubescence and position of leaves, stem color at maturity, pubescence and type of branching, density of pubescence and dehiscence of capsules, color and texture seed, morphological traits used as varietal descriptors. International Sesame descriptor was used for the characterization of each variable. The data for all variables were subjected to analysis of variance and Tukey test at 5 % probability of error. Variables that showed statistically significant differences for all treatments were: color, position and leaf pubescence, color at maturity, pubescence branching type and capsules pubescence. For dehiscence of capsules, color and texture of the seeds coat were not observed statistical differences. It was concluded that for the morphological traits gamma radiation treatments at doses of 300 and 400 Gy, is effective as a method of mutation induction and generation of phenotypic variability in sesame seeds

Keywords : phenotype; mutation; gamma radiation.

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