Abstract

ALFONSO VALDES, María Elena. Cytopenias following maternal alloimmunization. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [online]. 2006, vol.22, n.3, pp. 0-0. ISSN 1561-2996.

The physiopathogeny of the alloimmune cytopenias pass through 3 basic studies: maternal alloimmunization, the trasplacentary step of maternal antibodies to the fetus, and the destruction of sensitized fetal blood cells. The immune cytopenias include clinical pictures such as the hemolytic disease of the fetus and the newborn,  thrombocytopenia and  alloimmune neonatal leukopenia.  In the alloimmunization stage, the pregnant woman generates antibodies against antigens inherited from the father that are present in the fetal blood cells. The maternal IgG antinbodies cross the placentary barrier by pinocytosis of the syncytiotrophoblast cells, and opsonize the fetal cells having alloantigens, making  easy their destruction by phagocytosis or lysis due to cellular cytotoxicity, depending on the antibodies through the splenic macrophages of the fetus

Keywords : Alloimmune cytopenias; thrombocytopenia; leukopenia; anemia; hemolytic disease of the newborn; erythrocytic antibodies; antiplatelet antibodies; eukocytic antibodies.