Abstract

JAIME-FAGUNDO, Juan Carlos; FORRELLAT-BARRIOS, Mariela  and  ARENCIBIA-NUNEZ, Alberto. Hematological emergencies. III. Methotrexate toxicity. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [online]. 2012, vol.28, n.3, pp. 246-252. ISSN 0864-0289.

Methotrexate is an antimetabolite which competitively inhibits the dihydrofolate reductase enzyme and has anti-proliferative and immunosuppressive activity and therefore it is used in the treatment of various hematological malignancies. The main adverse effects are myelosuppression, renal insufficiency, mucositis and neurological disorders. The adequate management of intoxication by this drug is very important since fast and appropriate actions can reverse the damage and save the patient's life. A review of the behaviour against acute toxicity by this drug is reported.

Keywords : methotrexate; folinic acid; toxicity; mucositis; adverse reactions; neurotoxicity; glucarpidase.

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