Abstract

ARCE-HERNANDEZ, Ada Amalia et al. Distribution of types of paraproteins in a sample of patients with multiple myeloma. Rev Cubana Hematol Inmunol Hemoter [online]. 2013, vol.29, n.2, pp. 183-188. ISSN 0864-0289.

Introduction: multiple mieloma (MM) is a disease characterized by a monoclonal proliferation of immunoglobulins representing approximately 15 % of malignant hemopathies. Methods: the distribution of classes, subclasses and light chains of monoclonal immunoglobulins was studied in 285 patients with MM. Three methods were used: serum protein electrophoresis for the detection of monoclonal immunoglobulins or paraproteins, immunofixation electrophoresis and double immunodiffusion to identify classes, subclasses and light chain types. Results: 206 patients (72.28 %) with IgG MM, 73 (25,62 %) with IgA MM, and 6 (2,1 %) with IgM MM were found. The distribution of IgG subclasses was: 130 cases (63,11 %) IgG1; 43 (20,87 %) IgG2; 21 (10,19 %) IgG3: and 12 (5,83 %) IgG4. Distribution of IgA subclasses was: 59 patients (80,82 %) IgA1 and 14 (19,18 %) IgA2; 187 patients (65,62 %) showed kappa light chains and 98 (34,38 %) were lambda. Conclusions: the data obtained in our study allowed us to identify the frequency of distribution of classes, subclasses and light chains in a sample of patients with MM.

Keywords : IgG; IgA; IgM; kappa; lambda; multiple myeloma.